Research Library

The EU's Sovereignty: 404 Error?

This paper examines the concept of European sovereignty and its relationship to strategic autonomy, tracing the term from classical political theory to its contemporary use in EU institutions. Weighing evidence on public opinion, material dependencies, regulatory power, and competing national perspectives, it argues that European sovereignty is neither fully realized nor entirely absent, but remains a contested and evolving process contingent on member states' willingness to act collectively.